Anatomy and functions of the skin // Skin layer with structure

Preface

The clouds cover the earth like a blanket, just as the skin protects the body of living beings on Earth. We will deal with this body armor in this article. Anatomy and functions of the skin. The skin layer with structure is the outermost layer of the human body. The outermost layer of the human body gets exposed to almost everything around us from the sun to bacteria and viruses. In this article, we will read a detailed description of the skin and its anatomy.

Functions of the skin

The Anatomy and functions of the skin. The skin layer with structure can be called the largest and most extensible organ of the human body, as it covers the entire human body. The skin acts as a protective barrier of the body, especially protecting the organs from exposure to the ultraviolet rays of the sun. The sweat gland in the skin is one of the most important glands that helps us to excrete unwanted salts, and water through its pores and also limits the amount of water to be excreted. The sweat consists mainly of uric acid, urea, and ammonia too in it.

Amazing fact about the skin

• The skin is involved not only in the process of excretion but also in absorption. The skin can also absorb vital substances such as oxygen and nitrogen. Would it surprise you if I said that our skin, through its own……. breathes? While we humans need lungs, in some animals they are so developed that they can breathe through the skin alone, without the help of lung-like organs.
• We must not forget that the skin is the organ that absorbs vitamin D from the sun, which in return helps us develop a good immune system. Therefore, the skin also helps us maintain a good immune system that protects us from many diseases.
• Another important task that our skin performs through sweating is temperature regulation. By releasing sweat to the outer layer of the skin, it protects the skin from overheating when it is exposed to a larger amount of UV rays. Since sweat contains water, it lowers the temperature to a considerable extent.
• This is the most important organ of the human body because it also contains the sensory neurons that we use to respond to the touch of foreign objects. The neurons that ensure that we respond to touch, heat, or cold are called somatic sensory receptors. This organ makes up about 9-20 percent of the body mass.

Let us now turn to the anatomy of the skin

The Anatomy and functions of the skin. The skin layer with structure consists of a total of 3 layers. Here I explain all the layers individually and their roles

HYPODERMIS

THE INNERMOST LAYER OF THE SKIN.

This layer is composed of fats and proteins. The tissue in this region is called subcutaneous tissue and consists of large blood vessels, fat, connective tissue, and the nerves that connect the sensory organs and the brain. This is the layer that gives the skin its inner glow, as it stores the fats and makes it glow. It is also the tissue that connects the skin to the bones and muscles. With the help of the hormone ‘leptin’, which is secreted here, it contributes to the metabolism and coordination of all organs.

DERMIS

THE MIDDLE LAYER OF THE SKIN

This layer is divided into 2 layers called reticular dermis and papillary dermis. This is also the layer where the hair is located, i.e. the beginning of the hair [roots].

The reticular dermis

The inner layer of the dermis contains the connective tissue and the protein that helps connect the other organs to the skin and bones. This protein is collagen, which promotes the strength of the connection and also the elasticity of the skin. This layer is thicker than the papillary dermis.

The papillary dermis

Is the top layer of the dermis where the blood vessels, i.e……..blood capillaries, are located. Here is the sweat gland, which supplies nutrients to the top layer of the skin. In this layer are the nerves that respond to touch and vibration. The nerves that transmit the sensation of touch are called Meissner’s corpuscles and the other sensory nerve that responds to vibration is called lamellar corpuscles.

EPIDERMIS

THE UPPERMOST LAYER OF THE SKIN

This is the layer that is exposed to the entire external environment, and it is further subdivided into 5 layers

1. The innermost part of the epidermis is the layer called STRATUM BASALE. This is the layer that secretes both the keratinocyte and the melanocyte. The keratinocytes are the proteins that cover our skin and protect it from the harsh environment and also help in the growth of nails and hair. Melanocytes are responsible for the pigmentation of the skin. The more melanocytes, the darker your skin.
2. Next comes the layer called STRATUM SPINOSUM just above the stratum basale. This layer is composed of sticky proteins that ensure that the other proteins remain in this layer and are utilized [especially keratinocytes]. The sticky protein is called desmosomes.
3.  The next layer above the stratum spinosum is the STRATUM GRANULOSUM. The layer contains keratinocyte-produced granules, and keratohyalin granules, which contain 2 important proteins associated with the intermediate filament called filaggrin and trichohyalin.
4. The next is the STARTUM LUCIDUM. This layer is almost as thin as 2-3 cell layers and transparent because it contains the conversion product of keratohyalin, eleidin.
5. The outermost layer of skin is the STRATUM CONEUM. The keratinocytes that are secreted in the stratum basale now reach here and are dead. Later the outermost layer is thick and these dead cells protect from heat and any other foreign atmosphere. These cells fall out of the layer after a few days and are replaced by other dead keratinocytes. These dead keratinocytes are called corneocytes. This layer also contains lipids that moisturize the skin by letting excess water out and keeping the right amount of water in the skin.

Conclusion

It is only the outermost layer of the Anatomy and functions of the skin. Skin layer with a structure that we see with the naked eye. But it is so interesting as we see each part of our skin layer by layer, and learn about its functions right… well, meet you with another interesting part of our human body.

How to lose overweight // weight loss tips

Lungs anatomy and physiology // Lungs function

Advantages of drinking hot water // warm water